FISH GAS EXCHANGE REFERENCES:
Aota, S. et al.(1990). A possible role for catecholamines in
the ventilatory responses associated with internal acidosis or
external hypoxia in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.J. Exp.
Biol.151, 57-70. Aota, S. and Randall, D. J.
(1993). The effect of exogenous catecholamines on the ventilatory and
cardiac responses of normoxic and hyperoxic rainbow trout,
Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Comp Physiol [b] 163,
138-146.
AXELSSON, M. (1988). THE IMPORTANCE OF NERVOUS AND HUMORAL
MECHANISMS IN THE CONTROL OF CARDIAC PERFORMANCE IN THE ATLANTIC COD
GADUS MORHUA AT REST AND DURING NON-EXHAUSTIVE EXERCISE. J. EXP.
BIOL. 137, 287-302.
Axelsson, M. and Farrell, A. P. (1993). Coronary blood flow in
vivo in the coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Am J Physiol Regul
Integr Comp Physiol 264, R963-R971.
Axelsson, M., Farrell, A. P. and Nilsson, S. (1990). Effects
of hypoxia and drugs on the cardiovascular dynamics of the Atlantic
hagfish Myxine glutinosa. J. Exp. Biol. 151,
297-316.
Bagarinao, T. and Vetter, R. D. (1992). Sulfide-hemoglobin
interactions in the sulfide-tolerant salt marsh resident, the
California killifish Fundulus parvipinnis. J. Comp. Physiol.
162, 614-624.
Bailly, Y., Dunel-Erb, S., Geffard, M. and Laurent, P. (1989).
The vascular and epithelial serotonergic innervation of the
actinopterygian gill filament with special reference to the trout,
Salmo gairdneri. Cell Tiss. Res. 258, 349-363.
Ballintijn and al., e. (1983). Respiratory responses to
stimulation of branchial vagus nerve ganglia of a teleost fish.
Resp. Physiol. 51, 241-257.
Ballintijn, C. M. (1985). The respiratory function of gill
filament muscles in the carp. Resp. Physiol. 60,
59-74.
Ballintijn, C. M. and Punt, G. J. (1985). Gill arch movements
and the function of the dorsal gill arch muscles in the carp.
Resp. Physiol. 60, 39-57.
Bartels, H. and Potter, I. C. (1993). Intercellular junctions
in the water-blood barrier of the gill lamella in the adult lamprey
(Geotria australis, Lampetra fluviatilis). Cell Tissue Res
274, 521-532.
Beitinger, T. L. and al., e. (1985). Oxygen transfer
characteristics of the blood of reedfish, Erpetoichthys calabaricus.
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82A, 553-558.
Berg, T. and Steen, J. B. (1965). Physiological mechanisms for
aerial respiration in the eel. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
15, 469-484.
Bernier, N. J., Fuentes, J. and Randall, D. J. (1996).
Adenosine receptor blockade and hypoxia-tolerance in rainbow trout
and Pacific hagfish .2. Effects on plasma catecholamines and
erythrocytes. J Exp Biol 199, 497-507.
Bernier, N. J., Harris, J., Lessard, J. and Randall, D. J.
(1996). Adenosine receptor blockade and hypoxia-tolerance in rainbow
trout and Pacific hagfish .1. Effects on anaerobic metabolism. J
Exp Biol 199, 485-495.
Berschick, P. and al., e. (1987). The influence of hyperoxia,
hypoxia and temperature on the respiratory physiology of the
intertidal rockpool fish Gobius cobitis pallas. J. Exp. Biol.
130, 369-388.
Biswas, J., Pati, A. K. and Pradhan, R. K. (1990). Circadian
and circannual rhythms in air gulping behaviour of cave fish. J
Interdiscipl Cycle Res 21, 257-268.
Black, M. C., Millsap, D. S. and McCarthy, J. F. (1991).
Effects of acute temperature change on respiration and toxicant
uptake by rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri (Richardson). Physiol.
Zool. 64, 145-168.
Boese, B. L. (1988). Hypoxia-induced respiratory changes in
English sole (Parophrys vetulus Girard). Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 89A, 247-250.
Boutilier, R. G. and al., e. (1984). O2 and CO2 transport in
relation to ventilation in the Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus.
Can. J. Zool. 62, 546-554.
Brainerd, E. L., Liem, K. F. and Samper, C. T. (1989). Air
ventilation by recoil aspiration in polypterid fishes. Science
246, 1593-1595.
Brauner, C. J., Gilmour, K. M. and Perry, S. F. (1996). Effect
of haemoglobin oxygenation on Bohr proton release and CO2 excretion
in the rainbow trout. Respir Physiol 106, 65-70.
Brauner, C. J. and Randall, D. J. (1998). The Linkage Between
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport. In Fish Respiration, vol.
17 (ed. S. F. Perry and B. Tufts), pp. 283-319. San Diego: Academic
Press.
Bridges, C. R. (1988). Respiratory adaptations in intertidal
fish. Am. Zool. 28, 79-96.
Bridges, C. R. and Morris, S. (1989). Respiratory pigments:
interactions between oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. Can. J.
Zool. 67, 2971-2985.
Bridges, C. R., Taylor, A. C., Morris, S. and Grieshaber, M.
K. (1984). Ecophysiological adaptations in Blennius pholis blood
to intertidal rockpool environments. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
77, 151-167.
Brittain, T. and Wells, R. (1990). The pH dependence of the
affinity, kinetics and cooperativity of ligand binding to the root
effect haemoglobin of the goldfish Carassius auratus. Comp Biochem
Physiol [b] .
BURGGREN, W. and AL., E. (198?). RESPIRATION IN PHYLETICALLY
ANCIENT FISHES. .
BURGGREN, W. W. (1988). ROLE OF THE CENTRAL CIRCULATION IN
REGULATION OF CUTANEOUS GAS EXCHANGE. AM. ZOOL. 28,
985-998.
Burggren, W. W. (1979). Bimodal gas exchange during variation
in environmental oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air breathing fish
Trichogaster trichopterus. J. Exp. Biol. 82,
197-214.
Burggren, W. W. and Bemis, W. E. (1992). Metabolism and ram
gill ventilation in juvenile paddlefish, Polyodon spathula
(Chondrostei: Polyodontidae). Physiol Zool 65,
515-539.
Burggren, W. W. and Haswell, S. (1979). Aerial CO2 excretion
in the obligate air breathing fish Trichogaster trichopterus: A role
for carbonic anhydrase. J. Exp. Biol. 82, 215-226.
BURGGREN, W. W. and JOHANSEN, K. (1986). CIRCULATION AND
RESPIRATION IN LUNGFISHES (DIPNOI). J. MORPHOLOGY
SUPPL.1, 217-236.
Burleson, M. L. and Milsom, W. K. (1993). Sensory receptors in
the first gill arch of rainbow trout. Respir Physiol
93, 97-110.
Burleson, M. L. and Milsom, W. K. (1995). Cardio-ventilatory
control in rainbow trout: I. Pharmacology of branchial,
oxygen-sensitive chemoreceptors. Respir Physiol 100,
231-238.
Burleson, M. L. and Milsom, W. K. (1995). Cardio-ventilatory
control in rainbow trout .2. Reflex effects of exogenous
neurochemicals. Respir Physiol 101, 289-299.
Burleson, M. L. and Milsom, W. K. (1990). Propranolol inhibits
O2-sensitive chemoreceptor activity in trout gills. Am. J.
Physiol. 258, R1089-1091.
Burleson, M. L. and Smatresk, N. J. (1990). Effect of
sectioning cranial nerves IX and X on cardiovascular and ventilatory
reflex responses to hypoxia and NaCn in channel catfish. J. Exp.
Biol. 154, 407-420.
Burleson, M. L., Smatresk, N. J. and Milsom, W. K. (1993).
Afferent inputs associated with cardioventilatory control in fish. In
Fish Physiology, vol. XIIB (ed. W. S. Hoar, D. J. Randall and
A. P. Farrell), pp. 389-426. Orlando: Academic Press.
Bushnell, P. G. and Brill, R. W. (1992). Oxygen transport and
cardiovascular responses in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and
yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) exposed to acute hypoxia. J
Comp Physiol [b] 162, 131-143.
Bushnell, P. G. and Brill, R. W. (1991). Responses of swimming
skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) tunas
to acute hypoxia, and a model of their cardiorespiratory function.
Physiol Zool 64, 787-811.
Bushnell, P. G., Steffensen, J. F. and Johansen, K. (1984).
Oxygen consumption and swimming performance in hypoxia-acclimated
rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. J. Exp. Biol. 113,
225-236.
Butler, P. J., Day, N. and Namba, K. (1992). Interactive
effects of seasonal temperature and low pH on resting oxygen uptake
and swimming performance of adult brown trout Salmo trutta. J.
Exp. Biol. 165, 195-212.
Cameron, J. N. (1989). The Respiratory Physiology of Animals.
New York: Oxford University Press.
Cameron, J. N. and Cech, J. J., Jr. (1970). Notes on the
energy cost of gill ventilation in teleosts. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 34, 447-455.
Caruso, C., Rutigliano, B., Romano, M. and Di, P. G. (1991).
The hemoglobins of the cold-adapted Antarctic teleost Cygnodraco
mawsoni. Biochim Biophys Acta Protein Struct Mol Enzymol
1078, 273-282.
Claireaux, G. and Dutil, J.-D. (1992). Physiological response
of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) to hypoxia at various
environmental salinities. J. Exp. Biol. 163,
97-118.
Coates, M. I. and Clack, J. A. (1991). Fish-like gills and
breathing in the earliest known tetrapod. Nature 352,
234-236.
Cocca, E., Ratnayake-Lecamwasam, M., Parker, S. K., Camardella,
L., Ciaramella, M., Di Prisco, G. and Detrich, H. W., III.
(1997). Do the hemoglobinless icefishes have globin genes? Comp
Biochem Physiol [A] 118A, 1027-1030.
D'Avino, R., Caruso, C., Tamburrini, M., Romano, M., Rutigliano,
B., Polverino de Laureto, P., Camardella, L., Carratore, V. and Di
Prisco, G. (1994). Molecular characterization of the functionally
distinct hemoglobins of the Antarctic fish Trematomus newnesi. J
Biol Chem 269, 9675-9681.
DATTA MUNSHI, J. S. (1985). THE STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND
EVOLUTION OF THE ACCESSORY RESPIRATORY ORGANS OF AIR-BREATHING FISHES
OF INDIA. FORTSCHRITTE DER ZOOL. 30, 353-366.
DATTA MUNSHI, J. S. E. A. (1986). MORPHOLOGY AND VASCULAR
ANATOMY OF THE ACCESSORY RESPIRATORY ORGANS OF THE AIR-BREATHING
CLIMBING PERCH, ANABAS TESTUDINEUS (BLOCH). AM. J. ANAT.
176, 321-331.
Davie, P. S. and Daxboeck, C. (1982). Effect of pulse pressure
on fluid exchange between blood and tissues in trout gills. Can.
J. Zool. 60, 1000-1006.
Davies, P. J., Hedrick, M. S. and Jones, D. R. (1993).
Neuromuscular control of the glottis in a primitive air-breathing
fish, Amia calva. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
264, R204-R210.
Daxboeck, C., Barnard, D. K. and Randall, D.
J. (1981). Functional morphology of the
gills of the bowfin, Amia calva L. with special reference to
their significance during air exposure. Respir.
Physiol. 43,
349-364.
de Vries, R. and de Jager, S. (1984). The gill in the spiny
dogfish, Squalus acanthias: respiratory and nonrespiratory function.
Am J Anat 169, 1-29.
DeGraaf, P. J. F. and Roberst, B. L. (1991). Effects of vagal
sensory input on the breathing rhythm of the carp. J. Exp.
Biol. 155, 77-92.
DeGraaf, P. J. F. and Roberts, B. L. (1991). Entrainment of
the breathing rhythm of the carp by imposed oscillation of the gill
arches. J. Exp. Biol. 155, 93-102.
DEGRAAF, P. J. F. E. A. (1987). MECHANORECEPTOR ACTIVITY IN
THE GILLS OF THE CARP. I. GILL FILAMENT AND GILL RAKER
MECHANORECEPTORS. RESP. PHYSIOL. 69, 173-182.
DEGRAAF, P. J. F. E. A. (1987). MECHANORECEPTOR ACTIVITY IN
THE GILLS OF THE CARP. II. GILL ARCH PROPRICEPTPORS. RESP.
PHYSIOL. 69, 183-194.
Dehadrai, P. V. and Tripathi, S. D. (1976). Environment and
ecology of freshwater air-breathing teleosts. In Respiration of
Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M. Hughes), pp. 39-72. London:
Academic Press.
Dejours, P. (1981). Principles of Comparative Respiratory
Physiology. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Press.
Dejours, P. (1976). Water versus air as the respiratory
medium. In Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M.
Hughes), pp. 1-15. London: Academic Press.
Delaney, R. G., Laurent, P., Galante, R., Pack, A. I. and Fishman,
A. P. (1983). Pulmonary mechanoreceptors in the dipnoi lungfish
Protopterus and Lepidosiren. Am. J. Physiol. 244,
R418-R428.
Denny, M. W. (1990). Terrestrial versus aquatic biology: The
medium and its message. Amer. Zool. 30, 111-121.
Di Prisco, G., Macdonald, J. A. and Brunori, M. (1992).
Antarctic fishes survive exposure to carbon monoxide.
Experientia 48, 473-475.
Dimberg, K. (1989). Carbonic anhydrase inhibition in vivo in
rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) acclimated to water of different
ionic and gaseous compositions. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
93A, 699-702.
DIMBERG, K. (1988). INHIBITION OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IN VIVO
IN THE FRESHWATER- ADAPTED RAINBOW TROUT: DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF
ACETAZOLAMIDE AND METAZOLAMIDE IN BLOOD CO2 LEVELS. COMP. BIOCHEM.
PHYSIOL. 91A, 253-258.
Douglas and al., e. (1976). Science 191,
957.
Du Preez, H. H. and al., e. (1986). Oxygen consumption of a
shallow water teleosts, the spotted Grunter, Pomadasys commersonni
(Lacepede, 1802). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 84A,
61-70.
Duthie, G. G. and Hughes, G. M. (1987). The effects of reduced
gills area and hyperoxia on the oxygen consumption and swimming speed
of rainbow trout. J. Exp. Biol. 127, 349-354.
Duthie, G. G. and Tort, L. (1985). Effects of dorsal aortic
cannulation on the respiration and haematology of Mediterranean
living Scyliorhinus canicula. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
81A, 879-885.
Eastman, J. T. and Hikida, R. S. (1991). Skin structure and
vascularization in the Antarctic notothenioid fish Gymnodraco
acuticeps. J Morphol 208, 347-365.
Edwards, D. G. and Cech, J. J., Jr. (1990). Aquatic and aerial
metabolism ofjuvenile monkeyface prickleback, Cebidichthys violaceus,
an intertidal fish of california. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
96A, 61-65.
El-Shafey, A. A. M. (1998). Effect of ammonia on respiratory
functions of blood of Tilapia zilli. Comp Biochem Physiol
[A] 121, 305-313.
Elger, M. (1987). The branchial circulation and the gill
epithelia in the Atlantic hagfish, Myxine glutinosa L.
Anat. Embryol. 175, 489-504.
Evans, D. H. (1987). The fish gill: site of action and model
for toxic effects of environmental pollutants. Environ Health
Perspect 71, 47-58.
Fago, A., Bendixen, E., Malte, H. and Weber, R. E. (1997). The
anodic hemoglobin of Anguilla anguilla - Molecular basis for
allosteric effects in a root-effect hemoglobin. J Biol Chem
272, 15628-15635.
Fago, A., D'Avino, R. and Di, P. G. (1992). The hemoglobins of
Notothenia angustata, a temperate fish belonging to a family largely
endemic to the Antarctic Ocean. Eur J Biochem 210,
963-970.
Falcioni, G., Grelloni, F., Gabbianelli, R., Bonfigli, A. R. and
Colosimo, A. (1991). Adrenaline effects on the oxygen binding to
trout hemoglobin. Comp Biochem Physiol [c] .
Fange, R. (1976). Gas exchange in the swim bladder. In
Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M. Hughes), pp.
189-211. London: Academic Press.
Fange, R. (1983). Gas Exchange in fish swim bladder. Rev.
Physiol. Biochem. 97, 112-158.
Farmer, C. G. and Jackson, D. C. (1998). Air-breathing during
activity in the fishes Amia calva and Lepisosteus oculatus. J Exp
Biol 201, 943-948.
Feder, M. and Burggren, W. W. (1985). Cutaneous gas exchange
in vertebrates: Design, patterns, control and implications. Biol.
Revs. 60, 1-45.
Feller, G. and Gerday, C. (1997). Adaptations of the
hemoglobinless Antarctic icefish (Channichthyidae) to hypoxia
tolerance. Comp Biochem Physiol [A] 118A,
981-987.
Fincham, D. A., Wolowyk, M. W. and Young, J. D. (1991).
Nucleoside uptake by red blood cells from a primitive vertebrate, the
pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stouti), is mediated by a
nitrobenzylthioinosine-ins ensitive transport system. Biochim
Biophys Acta Bio Membr 1069, 123-126.
Fishman, A. P., DeLaney, R. G. and Laurent, P. (1985).
Circulatory adaptation to bimodal respiration in the dipnoan
lungfish. J Appl Physiol 59, 285-294.
Flügel, C., Lütjen, D. E. and Zadunaisky, J. A.
(1991). Histochemical demonstration of carbonic anhydrase in gills
and opercular epithelium of seawater- and freshwater-adapted
killyfish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Acta Histochem
(Jena) 91, 67-75.
Forster, M. E. (1991). Myocardial oxygen consumption and
lactate release by the hypoxic hagfish heart. J. Exp. Biol.
156, 583-590.
Forster, M. E., Davie, P. S., Davison, W., Satchell, G. H. and
Wells, R. M. G. (1988). Blood pressures and heart rates in
swimming hagfish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 89A,
247-250.
Forster, M. E., Davison, W., Axelsson, M. and Farrell, A. P.
(1992). Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia in the hagfish,
Eptatretus cirrhatus. Respir Physiol 88, 373-386.
Freadman, M. A. (1981). Swimming energetics of striped bass
(Morone saxatilis) and bluefish (Pomotomus saltatrix): hydrodynamic
correlates of locomotion and gill ventilation. J. Exp. Biol.
90, 253-265.
Fritsche, R., Axelsson, M., Franklin, C. E., Grigg, G. G.,
Holmgren, S. and Nilsson, S. (1993). Respiratory and
cardiovascular responses to hypoxia in the Australian lungfish.
Respir Physiol 94, 173-187.
Fritsche, R. and Nilsson, S. (1989). Cardiovascular responses
to hypoxia in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Exp. Biol.
48, 153-160.
Fritsche, R., Thomas, S. and Perry, S. F. (1992). Effects of
serotonin on circulation and respiration in the rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Exp Biol 173, 59-73.
Galderisi, U., Fucci, L. and Geraci, G. (1996). Multiple
hemoglobins in the electric ray: Torpedo marmorata. Comp Biochem
Physiol [B] 113B, 645-651.
Gallaugher, P., Thorarensen, H. and Farrell, A. P. (1995).
Hematocrit in oxygen transport and swimming in rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Respir Physiol 102, 279-292.
Gamperl, A. K., Axelsson, M. and Farrell, A. P. (1995).
Effects of swimming and environmental hypoxia on coronary blood flow
in rainbow trout. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
269, R1258-R1266.
Gamperl, A. K., Pinder, A. W., Grant, R. R. and Boutilier, R.
G. (1994). Influence of hypoxia and adrenaline administration on
coronary blood flow and cardiac performance in seawater rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Exp Biol 193, 209-232.
Gehrke, P. C. and Fielder, D. R. (1988). Effects of
temperature and dissolved oxygen on heart rate, ventilation rate and
oxygen consumption of spangled perch, Leiopotherapon unicolor
(Gunther, 1859), (Percoidei, Teraponidae). J. Comp. Physiol.
157, 771-782.
Gervais, M. R. and Tufts, B. L. (1998). Evidence for
membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase in the air bladder of bowfin (Amia
calva), a primitive air-breathing fish. J Exp Biol 201,
2205-2212.
Gilmour, K. M. (1998). Gas Exchange. In The Physiology of
Fishes, (ed. D. H. Evans), pp. 101-127. Boca Raton: CRC
Press.
Glass, M. L. and al., e. (1986). Responses of aerial
ventilation to hypoxia and hypercapnia in Channa argus, an
air-breathing fish. J. Comp. Physiol. 156, 425-430.
Glass, M. L., Andersen, N. A., Kruhoffer, M., Williams, E. M. and
Heisler, N. (1990). Combined effects of environmental PO2 and
temperature on ventilation and blood gases in the carp Cyprinus
carpio L. J. Exp. Biol. 148, 1-18.
Gonzalez, R. J. and McDonald, D. G. (1994). The relationship
between oxygen uptake and ion loss in fish from diverse habitats.
J Exp Biol 190, 95-108.
Graham, J. B. (1994). An evolutionary perspective for bimodal
respiration: A biological synthesis of fish air breathing. Am
Zool 34, 229-237.
Graham, J. B. (1990). Ecological, evolutionary, and physical
factors influencing aquatic animal respiration. Amer. Zool.
30, 137-146.
Graham, J. B. (1983). The transition to air breathing in
fishes. II. Effects of hypoxia acclimation on the bimodal gas
exchange of Ancistrus chagresi (Lorocariidae). J. Exp. Biol.
102, 157-174.
Graham, J. B. (1976). Respiratory adaptations of marine
air-breathing fishes. In Respiration of Amphibious
Vertebrates, (ed. G. M. Hughes), pp. 165-187. London: Academic
Press.
Graham, J. B. and al., e. (1987). The transition to air
breathing in fishes.IV. Impact of branchial specializations for air
breathing on the aquatic respiratory mechanisms and ventilatory costs
of the swamp eel Synbranchus marmoratus. J. Exp. Biol.
129, 83-106.
Graham, J. B. and Baird, T. A. (1982). The transition to air
breathing in fishes: Environmental effects on the facultative air
breathing of Ancistrus chagresi and Hypostomus plecostomus
(Loricariidae). J. Exp. Biol. 96, 53-67.
Graham, J. B., Lai, N. C., Chiller, D. and Roberts, J. L.
(1995). The transition to air breathing in fishes. V. Comparative
aspects of cardiorespiratory regulation in Synbranchus marmoratus and
Monopterus albus (Synbranchidae). J Exp Biol 198,
1455-1467.
Graham, J. B. and Rezende, M. A. (1984). The transition to air
breathing in fishes III. Effects of body size and aquatic hypoxia on
the aerial gas exchange of the swamp eel Synbranchus marmoratus.
J. Exp. Biol. 108, 357-376.
Graham, J. B., Rosenblatt, R. H. and Gans, C. (1978).
Vertebrate air breathing arose in fresh water and not in the oceans.
Evolution 32, 459-462.
Graham, M. S. and al., e. (1984). Hematology of three deep-sea
fishes: A reflection of low metabolic rates. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 80A, 79-84.
Greco, A. M., Gilmour, K. M., Fenwick, J. C. and Perry, S. F.
(1995). The effects of softwater acclimation on respiratory gas
transfer in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Exp Biol
198, 2557-2567.
Guizouarn, H., Harvey, B. J., Borgese, F., Gabillat, N., Garcia,
R. F. and Motais, R. (1993). Volume-activated Cl--independent and
Cl--dependent K+ pathways in trout red blood cells. J Physiol
(Lond 462, 609-626.
Gusev, G. P., Sherstobitov, A. O. and Bogdanova, A. Y. (1992).
Sodium transport in red blood cells of lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis.
Comp Biochem Physiol [a] .
Haney, D. C. and Nordlie, F. G. (1997). Influence of
environmental salinity on routine metabolic rate and critical oxygen
tension of Cyprinodon variegatus. Physiol Zool 70,
511-518.
Harrison, P., Zummo, G., Farina, F., Tota, B. and Johnston, I.
A. (1991). Gross anatomy, myoarchitecture, and ultrastructure of
the heart ventricle in the haemoglobinless icefish Chaenocephalus
aceratus. Can J Zool 69, 1339-1347.
Hedrick, M. S., Burleson, M. L., Jones, D. R. and Milsom, W.
K. (1991). An examination of central chemosensitivity in an
air-breathing fish (Amia calva). J. Exp. Biol. 155,
165-174.
Hedrick, M. S. and Jones, D. R. (1993). The effects of altered
aquatic and aerial respiratory gas concentrations on air-breathing
patterns in a primitive fish (Amia calva). J Exp Biol
181, 81-94.
Hedrick, M. S., Katz, S. L. and Jones, D. R. (1994). Periodic
air-breathing behaviour in a primitive fish revealed by spectral
analysis. J Exp Biol 197, 429-436.
Heisler, N. (1989). Interactions between gas exchange,
metabolism, and ion transport in animals: an overview. Can. J.
Zool. 67, 2923-2935.
Heisler, N. (1982). Intracellular and extracellular acid-base
regulation in the tropical fresh-water teleost fish Synbranchus
marmoratus in response to the transition from water breathing to air
breathing. J. Exp. Biol. 99, 9-28.
Henry, R. P. and al., e. (1988). The distribution of branchial
carbonic anhydrase and the effects of gill and erythrocyte carbonic
anhydrase inhibition in the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus.
J. Exp. Biol. 134, 201-218.
Henry, R. P., Gilmour, K. M., Wood, C. M. and Perry, S. F.
(1997). Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity and carbonic
anhydrase inhibitors in the circulatory system of fish. Physiol
Zool 70, 650-659.
Henry, R. P. and Heming, T. A. (1998). Carbonic Andhydrase and
Respiratory Gas Exchange. In Fish Respiration, vol. 17 (ed. S.
F. Perry and B. Tufts), pp. 75-111. San Diego: Academic Press.
Hipkins, S. F. and Smith, D. G. (1983). Cardiovascular events
associated with spontaneous apnea in the Australian short-finned eel,
Anguilla australis. J. Exp. Zool. 227, 339-348.
HOLETON, G. F. (1980). OXYGEN AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR OF
FISHES. IN: ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY OF FISHES, ED. M.A. ALI,
PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK , 7-32.
Holeton, G. F. (1976). Respiratory morphometrics of white and
red blooded Antarctic fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
54A, 215-220.
Holk, K. and Lykkeboe, G. (1995). Catecholamine-induced
changes in oxygen affinity of carp and trout blood. Respir
Physiol 100, 55-62.
Hoofd, L. and Egginton, S. (1997). The possible role of
intracellular lipid in determining oxygen delivery to fish skeletal
muscle. Respir Physiol 107, 191-202.
Houlihan, D. F., Rankin, J. C. and Shuttleworth, T. J. (1982).
Gills. In Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series,
vol. 16 (ed. 228. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
HOULIHAN, D. F. E. A. (1988). PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN A FISH
HEART: RESPONSES TO INCREASED POWER OUTPUT. J. EXP. BIOL.
137, 565-588.
HUGHES, G. M. (1982). AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FISH
GILLS. IN: GILLS, EDS. HOULIHAN, RANKIN & SHUTTLEWORTH,
CAMBRIDGE UNIV. PRESS, CAMBRIDGE , 1-24.
HUGHES, G. M. (1980). MORPHOMETRY OF FISH GAS EXCHANGE ORGANS
IN RELATION TO THEIR RESPIRATORY FUNCTION. IN: ENVIRONMENTAL
PHYSIOLOGY OF FISHES, ED. M.A. ALI, PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK ,
33-56.
Hughes, G. M. and al., e. (1986). Post-embryonic development
of water- and air-breathing organs of Anabas testudeneus (Bloch).
J. Fish. Biol. 29, 443-450.
Hughes, G. M. and Munshi, J. S. D. (1986). Scanning electron
microscopy of the accessory respiratory organs of the snake-headed
fish, Channa striata (Bloch) (Channidae, Channiformes). J. Zool.
Lond. (A) 209, 305-317.
Hughes, G. M. and Weibel, E. R. (1976). Morphometry of fish
lungs. In Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M.
Hughes), pp. 213-232. London: Academic Press.
Hyde, D. A., Moon, T. W. and Perry, S. F. (1987).
Physiological consequences of prolonged aerial exposure in the
American eel, Anguilla rostrata: Blood respiratory and aicd-base
status. J. Comp. Physiol. 157, 635-642.
Isaacks, R. E. and Kim, H. D. (1984). Erythrocyte phosphate
compostion and osmotic fragility in the Australian lungfish,
Neoceratodus fosteri, and Osteoglossid, Scleropages scheichardti.
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 79A, 667-672.
Ishimatsu, A., Aguilar, N. M., Ogawa, K., Hishida, Y., Takeda, T.,
Oikawa, S., Kanda, T. and Huat, K. K. (1999). Arterial blood gas
levels and cardiovascular function during varying environmental
conditions in a mudskipper, Periophthalmodon schlosseri. J Exp
Biol 202, 1753-1762.
Ishimatsu, A. and Itazawa, Y. (1983). Blood oxygen levels and
acid-base status flollowing air exposure in an air-breathing fish,
Channa argus: The role of air ventilation. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 74A, 787-793.
ISHIMATSU, A., IWAMA, G. K. and HEISLER, N. (1988). IN VIVO
PARTITIONING OF CARDIAC OUTPUT BETWEEN SYSTEMIC AND CENTRAL VENOUS
SINUS CIRCUITS IN RAINBOW TROUT: A NEW APPROACH USING CHRONIC
CANNULATION OF THE BRANCHIAL VEIN. J. EXP. BIOL. 137,
75-88.
Ishimatsu, A., Johansen, J. and Nilsson, S. (1986). Autonomic
nervous control of the circulatory system in the air-breathing fish
Channa argus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 84C, 55-60.
Ishimatus, A. and Itawaza, Y. (1983). Difference in blood
oxygen levels in the outflow vessels of the heart of an air-breathing
fish, Channa argus: Do separate blood streams exist in the teleostean
heart:. J. Comp. Physiol. 149, 435-440.
Janvier, J. J. (1997). Cardio-vascular and ventilatory effects
of prostaglandin E2 in the European eel Anguilla
anguilla. J Comp Physiol [B] 167,
517-526.
Janvier, J. J., Peyraud-Waïtzenegger, M. and Soulier, P.
(1996). Mediation of serotonin induced hyperventilation via
5-HT3-receptor in European eel Anguilla anguilla. J Comp Physiol
[B] 165, 640-646.
Jensen, F. B., Fago, A. and Weber, R. E. (1998). Hemoglobin
Structure and Function. In Fish Respiration, vol. 17 (ed. S.
F. Perry and B. Tufts), pp. 1-40. San Diego: Academic Press.
Jensen, F. B. and Weber, R. E. (1985). Kinetics of
acclimational responses of tench to combined hypoxia and hypercapnia
II. Extra- and intracellular acid-base status in the blood. J.
Comp. Physiol. 156, 205-212.
Jensen, m. F. B. and Weber, R. E. (1985). Kinetics of
acclimational responses of tench to combined hypoxia and hypercapnia
I. Respiratory responses. J. Comp. Physiol. 156,
197-204.
JOHANSEN, K. (1982). RESPIRATORY GAS EXCHANGE OF VERTEBRATE
GILLS. IN: GILLS, EDS. HOULIHAN, RANKIN & SHUTTLEWORTH,
CAMBRIDGE UNIV. PRESS, CAMBRIDGE , 99-128.
Johnston, I. A. and al., e. (1983). Aquatic and aerial
respiration rates, muscle capillary supply and mitochondrial volume
density in the air-breathing catfish (Clarias mossambicus) acclimated
to either aerated or hypoxic water. J. Exp. Biol. 105,
317-338.
Jones, D. R. (1971). Theoretical analysis of factors which may
limit the maximum oxygen uptake of fish: The oxygen cost of
thecardiac and branchial pumps. J. Theor. Biol. 32,
341-349.
Jones, D. R., Brill, R. W., Butler, P. J., Bushnell, P. G. and
Heieis, M. R. A. (1990). Measurement of ventilation volume in
swimming tunas. J. Exp. Biol. 149, 491-498.
Jones, D. r., Brill, R. W. and Mense, D. C. (1986). The
influence of blood gas properties on gas tensions and pH of ventral
and dorsal aortic blood in free-swimming tuna, Euthynnus affinis.
J. Exp. Biol. 120, 210-214.
Jones, D. R. and Milsom, W. K. (1982). Peripheral receptors
affecting breathing and cardiovascular function innon-mammalain
vertebrates. J. Exp. Biol. 100, 59-91.
Jones, D. R. and Schwarzfeld, T. (1974). The oxygen cost to
the metabolism and efficiency of breathing in trout (Salmo
gairdneri). Resp. Physiol. 21, 241-254.
Kakuta, I. and Murachi, S. (1992). Renal response to hypoxia
in carp, Cyprinus carpio: Changes in glomerular filtration rate,
urine and blood properties and plasma catecholamines of carp exposed
to hypoxic conditions. Comp Biochem Physiol [a] .
Katz, S. L. (1996). Ventilatory control in a primitive fish:
Signal conditioning via non-linear O2 affinity. Respir Physiol
103, 165-175.
Kench, J. E. (1989). Observations on the respiration of the
South Atlantic hagfish, Eptatretus hexatrema Mull. Comp.
Biochem. Physiol. 93A, 877-892.
Kenkead, R. and Perry, S. F. (1990). An investigation of the
role of circulating catecholamines in the control of ventilation
during acute moderate hypoxia in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
J. Comp. Physiol. B 160, 441-448.
Kinkead, R., Fritsche, R., Perry, S. F. and Nilsson, S.
(1991). The role of circulating catecholamines in the ventilatory and
hypertensive responses to hypoxia in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).
Physiol Zool 64, 1087-1109.
Kinkead, R. and Perry, S. F. (1991). The effects of
catecholamines on ventilation in rainbow trout during hypoxia or
hypercapnia. Respir Physiol 84, 77-92.
Knoph, M. B. (1996). Gill ventilation frequency and mortality
of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) exposed to high ammonia levels in
seawater. Water Res 30, 837-842.
Krout, R. T. and Dunson, W. A. (1985). Stimulation of sodium
efflux in air-breathing fish exposed to low pH. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 82C, 49-54.
Lauder, G. V. (1984). Pressure and water flow patterns in the
respiratory tract of the bass (Micropterus salmoides). J. Exp.
Biol. 113, 151-164.
Lauder, G. V. and Clark, B. D. (1984). Water flow patterns
during prey capture by teleost fishes. J. Exp. Biol.
113, 143-150.
Lauff, R. F. and Wood, C. M. (1996). Respiratory gas exchange,
nitrogenous waste excretion, and fuel usage during starvation in
juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J. Comp. Physiol.
B 165, 542-551.
Laurent, P. and Hebibi, N. (1989). Gill morphometry and fish
osmoregulation. Can. J. Zool. 67, 3055-3063.
Laurent, P. and Perry, S. F. (1991). Environmental effects on
fish gill morphology. Physiol. Zool. 64, 4-25.
Leim, K. (1981). Larvae of air-breathing fishes as
countercurrent flow devices in hypoxic environments. Science
2111, 1177-1179.
Lennard, R. and Huddart, H. (1989). Purinergic modulation of
cardiac activity in the flounder during hypoxic stress. J. Comp.
Physiol. 159, 105-114.
LIEM, K. F. (1989). RESPIRATORY GAS BLADDERS IN TELEOSTS:
FUNCTIONAL CONSERVATISM AND MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY. AMER.
ZOOL. 29, 333-352.
Liem, K. R. and al., e. (1984). Aerial respiration in the
banded knife fish Symnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotodei).
Physiol. Zool. 57, 185-195.
Lin, H. and Randall, D. J. (1990). The effect of varying water
pH on the acidification of expired water in rainbow trout. J. Exp.
Biol. 149, 149-160.
Lisson, G. E., Rosen, P. and Johansson, D. (1993). Anoxic
depression of spontaneous locomotor activity in crucian carp
quantified by a computerized imaging technique. J. Exp.Biol.
180, 153-162.
Low, W. P., Peng, K. W., Phuan, S. K., Lee, C. Y. and Ip, Y.
K. (1993). A comparative study on the responses of the gills of
two mudskippers to hypoxia and anoxia. J. Comp. Physiol. B
163, 487-494.
Magnuson and al., e. (1983). Breathing gas mixtures different
from air: An adaptation for survival under the ice of a facultative
air-breathing fish. Science 220, 312-314.
Maina, J. N. and Maloiy, G. M. O. (1986). The morphology of
the respiratory organs of the African air-breathing catfish (Clarius
mossambicus): a light, electron and scanning microscopic study, with
morphometric observations. J. Zool. Lond. (A) 209,
421-445.
Malte, H. (1992). Effect of pulsatile flow on gas exchange in
the fish gill: Theory and experimental data. Respir Physiol
88, 51-62.
Malte, H. (1989). Pressure/flow relations in the interlamellar
space of fish gills: theory and application in the rainbow trout.
Resp. Physiol. 78, 229-242.
Malte, H. and Weber, R. E. (1989). Gas exchange in fish gills
with parallel inhomogeneities. Resp. Physiol. 76,
129-138.
Malte, H. and Weber, R. E. (1985). A mathematical model for
gas exchange in the fish gill based on non-linear blood gas
equilibrium curves. Resp. Physiol. 62, 359-374.
Martin, K. (1991). Facultative aerial respiration in an
intertidal sculpin, Clinocottus analis (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae).
Physiol Zool 64, 1341-1355.
Martin, K. L. M. (1996). An ecological gradient in
air-breathing ability among marine cottid fishes. Physiol Zool
69, 1096-1113.
Mattias, A. T., Rantin, F. T. and Fernandes, M. N. (1998).
Gill respiratory parameters during progressive hypoxia in the
facultative air-breathing fish, Hypostomus regani (Loricariidae).
Comp Biochem Physiol [A] 120, 311-315.
Maxime, V., Nonnotte, G., Peyraud, C., Williot, P. and Truchot, J.
P. (1995). Circulatory and respiratory effects of an hypoxic
stress in the Siberian sturgeon. Respir Physiol 100,
203-212.
Maxime, V., Pennec, J.-P. and Peyraud, C. (1991). Effects of
direct transfer from freshwater to seawater on respiratory and
circulatory variables and acid-base status in rainbow trout. J.
Comp. Physiol. B 161, 557-568.
McDonald, D. G., Cavdek, V. and Ellis, R. (1991). Gill design
in freshwater fishes: interrelationships among gas exchange, ion
regulation, and acid-base regulation. Physiol. Zool.
64, 103-123.
McKenzie, D. J., Aota, S. and Randall, D. J. (1991).
Ventilatory and cardiovascular responses to blood pH, plasma PCO2,
blood O2 content, and catecholamines in an air-breathing fish, the
bowfin (Amia calva). Physiol Zool 64, 432-450.
McKenzie, D. J., Burleson, M. L. and Randall, D. J. (1991).
The effects of branchial denervation and pseudobranch ablation on
cardioventilatory controlin an air-breathing fish. J. Exp.
Biol. 161, 347-366.
McKenzie, D. J., Taylor, E. W., Bronzi, P. and Bolis, C. L.
(1995). Aspects of cardioventilatory control in the adriatic sturgeon
(Acipenser naccarii). Respir Physiol 100, 45-53.
Metcalfe, J. D. and Butler, P. J. (1989). The use of
alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine to control circulating catecholamines in the
dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula: the effects on gas exchange innormoxia
and hypoxia. J. Exp. Biol. 141, 21-32.
Metcalfe, J. D. and Butler, P. J. (1988). The effects of
alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on gas exchange in the
dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula L) during normoxia and hypoxia. J.
Comp. Physiol. 158, 39-44.
Metcalfe, J. D. and Butler, P. J. (1984). On the nervous
regulation of gill blood flow in the dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula).
J. Exp. Biol. 113, 253-268.
Metcalfe, J. D. and Butler, P. J. (1984). Changes in activity
and ventilation in response to hypoxia in unrestrained, unoperated
dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula). J. Exp. Biol. 108,
411-418.
Milsom, W. K. (1989). Mechanisms of ventilation in lower
vertebrates: adaptations to respiratory and nonrespiratory
constraints. Can. J. Zool. 67, 2943-2955.
Milsom, W. K. and Jones, D. R. (1985). Characteristics of
mechanoreceptors in the air-breathing organ of the holosten fish,
Amia calva. J. Exp. Biol. 117, 389-400.
Morris, S. and Bridges, C. R. (1994). Properties of
respiratory pigments in bimodal breathing animals:. Am Zool
34, 216-228.
MOTAIS, R. E. A. (1987). THE CONTROL OF NA/H EXCHANGE BY
MOLECULAR OXYGEN IN TROUT ERYTHROCYTES. A POSSIBLE ROLE OF HEMOGLOBIN
AS A TRANSDUCER. J. GEN. PHYSIOL. 90, 197-207.
Munshi, J., Roy, P. K., Ghosh, T. K. and Olson, K. R. (1994).
Cephalic circulation in the air-breathing snakehead fish, Channa
punctata, C. gachua, and C. marulius (Ophiocephalidae,
Ophiocephaliformes). Anat Rec 238, 77-91.
Munshi, J. S. D. (1976). Gross and fine structure of the
respiratory organs of air-breathing fishes. In Respiration of
Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M. Hughes), pp. 73-104. London:
Academic Press.
Munshi, J. S. D. and al., e. (1986). Morphology and vascular
anatomy of the accessory respiratory organs of the air-breathing
climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch). Am. J. Anat.
176, 321-331.
Munshi, J. S. D., K.R., O., Ghosh, T. K. and Ojha, J. (1990).
Vasculature of the hed and respiratory organs in an obligate
air-breathing fish, the swamp eel Monopterus (=Amphipnous) cuchia.
J. Morph. 203, 181-201.
Muusze, B., Marcon, J., Van den Thillart, G. and Almeida-Val,
V. (1998). Hypoxia tolerance of Amazon fish Respirometry and
energy metabolism of the cichlid Astronotus ocellatus. Comp
Biochem Physiol [A] 120, 151-156.
Nannotte, G. (1984). Cutaneous respiration in the catfish
Ictalurus melas R. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 78A,
515-518.
Narahara, A., Bergman, H. L., Laurent, P., Maina, J. N., Walsh, P.
J. and Wood, C. M. (1996). Respiratory physiology of the Lake
Magadi Tilapia (Oreochromis alcalicus grahami), a fish adapted to a
hot, alkaline, and frequently hypoxic environment. Physiol
Zool 69, 1114-1136.
Nichols, J. W. and Weber, L. J. (1989). Comparative oxygen
affinity of fish and mammalian myoglobins. J. Comp. Physiol.
159, 205-210.
Nielsen, O. B. (1997). Effects of haemoglobin O2 saturation on
volume regulation in adrenergically stimulated red blood cells from
the trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Comp Physiol [B]
167, 159-168.
Nikinmaa, M. (1997). Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in
vertebrate erythrocytes: An evolutionary change in the role of
membrane transport. J Exp Biol 200, 369-380.
Nikinmaa, M. (1992). Membrane transport and control of
hemoglobin-oxygen affinity in nucleated erythrocytes. Physiol.
Revs. 72, 301-321.
Nikinmaa, M. (1986). Control of red cell pH in teleost fishes.
Ann. Zool. Fennici 23, 223-235.
Nikinmaa, M. (1982). The effects of adrenaline on the oxygen
transport properties of Salmo gairdneri blood. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 71A, 353-356.
Nikinmaa, M. and al., e. (1990). Adrenergic control of red
cell pH in salmonid fish: roles of the sodium/proton exchange,
Jacobs-Stewart cycle and membrane potential. J. Exp. Biol.
154, 257-272.
Nikinmaa, M. and al., e. (1987). Red cell function of carp
(Cyprinus carpio) in acute hypoxia. Exp. Biol. 47,
52-58.
Nikinmaa, M. and al., e. (1984). Blood oxygen transport in
stressed striped bass (Morone saxatilis): Role of beta-adrenergic
responses. J. Comp. Physiol. 154, 365-370.
Nikinmaa, M. and Jensen, F. B. (1992). Inhibition of
adrenergic proton extrusion in rainbow trout red cells by
nitrite-induced methaemoglobinaemia. J. Comp. Physiol. B
162, 424-429.
Nikinmaa, M. and Jensen, F. B. (1986). Blood oxygen transport
and acid-base status of stressed trout (Salmo gairdnerii): Pre- and
postbranchial values in winter fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
84A, 391-396.
Nikinmaa, M. and Salama, A. (1998). Oxygen Transport in Fish.
In Fish Respiration, vol. 17 (ed. S. F. Perry and B. Tufts),
pp. 141-184. San Diego: Academic Press.
Nikinmaa, M. and Tufts, B. L. (1989). Regulation of acid and
ion transfer across the membrane of nucleated erythrocytes. Can.
J. Zool. 67, 3039-3045.
Nikinmaa, M. and Vihersaari, L. (1993). Pre- and postbranchial
carbon dioxide content of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) blood
after catecholamine injection. J. Exp. Biol. 180,
315-322.
Nilsson, G. E. (1992). Evidence for a role of GABA in
metabolic depression during anoxia in crucian carp (Carassius
carassius). J. Exp. Biol. 164, 243-260.
Nilsson, G. E. (1990). Long-term anoxia in crucian carp:
changes in the levels of amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters
in the brain, catecholamines in chromaffin tissue, and liver
glycogen. J. Exp. Biol. 150, 295-320.
Nonnotte, G., Maxime, V., Truchot, J. P., Williot, P. and Peyraud,
C. (1993). Respiratory responses to progressive ambient hypoxia
in the sturgeon, Acipenser baeri. Respir Physiol 91,
71-82.
Olson, K. R. (1994). Circulatory anatomy in bimodally
breathing fish. Am Zool 34, 280-288.
Olson, K. R. and al., e. (1986). Gill microcirculation of the
air-breathing climbing perch, Anagas testudineaus (Bloch):
Relationships with the accessory respiratory organs and systemic
circulation. Am. J. Anat. 176, 305-320.
Olson, K. R., Ghosh, T. K., Roy, P. K. and Munshi, J. S. D.
(1995). Microcirculation of gills and accessory respiratory organs of
the walking catfish Clarias batrachus. Anat Rec 242,
383-399.
Olson, K. R., Munshi, J. S. D., Ghosh, T. K. and Ojha, J.
(1990). Vascular organization of the head and respiratory organs of
the air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. J. Morph.
203, 165-179.
Olson, K. R., Roy, P. K., Ghosh, T. K. and Munshi, J. (1994).
Microcirculation of gills and accessory respiratory organs from the
air-breathing snakehead fish, Channa punctata, C. gachua, and C.
marulius. Anat Rec 238, 92-107.
OLSON, K. R. E. A. (1986). GILL MICROCIRCULATION OF THE
AIR-BREATHING CLIMBING PERCH, ANABAS TESTUDINEUS (BLOCH):
RELATIONSHIPS WITH ACCESSORY RESPIRATORY ORGANS AND SYSTEMIC
CIRCULATION. AM. J. ANAT. 176, 305-320.
Orlov, S. N. and Skryabin, G. A. (1993). Catecholamine- and
volume-dependent ion fluxes in carp (Cyprinus carpio) red blood
cells. J Comp Physiol [b] 163, 413-420.
Pack, A. I., Galante, R. J. and Fishman, A. P. (1992). Role of
lung inflation in control of air breath duration in African lungfish
(Protopterus annectens). Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp
Physiol 262, R879-R884.
Pelster, B., Bridges, C. R. and Grieshaber, M.
K. (1988). Physiological adaptations of
the intertidal rockpool teleost Blennius pholis L., to aerial
exposure. Respir. Physiol.
71, 355-374.
Pelster, B. and Randall, D. (1998). The Physiology of the Root
Effect. In Fish Respiration, vol. 17 (ed. S. F. Perry and B.
Tufts), pp. 113-139. San Diego: Academic Press.
Pelster, B. and Scheid, P. (1992). The influence of gas gland
metabolism and blood flow on gas deposition into the swimbladder of
the European eel Anguilla anguilla. J Exp Biol 173,
205-216.
Pelster, B., Scheid, P. and Reeves, R. B. (1992). Kinetics of
the Root effect and of O2 exchange in whole blood of the eel.
Respir Physiol 90, 341-349.
Perry, S. F. (1998). Relationships between branchial chloride
cells and gas transfer in freshwater fish. Comp Biochem Physiol
[A] 119A, 9-16.
Perry, S. F. and al., e. (1985). Isolated perfused head of the
rainbow trout I. Gas transfer, acid-base balance, and hemodynamics.
Am. J. Physiol. 249, R246-R255.
Perry, S. F., Fritsche, R., Kinkead, R. and Nilsson, S.
(1991). Control of catecholamine release in vivo and in situ in the
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) during hypoxia. J. Exp. Biol.
155, 549-566.
Perry, S. F., Fritsche, R. and Thomas, S. (1993). Storage and
release of catecholamines from the chromaffin tissue of the Atlantic
hagfish Myxine glutinosa. J Exp Biol 183, 165-184.
Perry, S. F. and Gilmour, K. (1993). An evaluation of factors
limiting carbon dioxide excretion by trout red blood cells in vitro.
J. Exp. Biol. 180, 39-54.
Perry, S. F. and Gilmour, K. M. (1996). Consequences of
catecholamine release on ventilation and blood oxygen transport
during hypoxia and hypercapnia in an elasmobranch (Squalus acanthias)
and a teleost (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Exp Biol 199,
2105-2118.
Perry, S. F., Gilmour, K. M., Bernier, N. J. and Wood, C. M.
(1999). Does gill boundary layer carbonic anhydrase contribute to
carbon dioxide excretion: A comparison between dogfish (Squalus
acanthias) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Exp Biol
202, 749-756.
Perry, S. F., Kinkead, R., Gallaugher, P. and Randall, D. J.
(1989). Evidence that hypoxemia promotes catecholamine release during
hypercapnic acidosis in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Resp.
Physiol. 77, 351-364.
Perry, S. F. and Laurent, P. (1990). The role of carbonic
anhydrase in carbon dioxide excretion, acid-base balance and ionic
regulation in aquatic gill breathers. In Animal Nutrition and
Transport Processes. 2. Transport, Respiration and Excretion,
vol. 6 (ed. T. J-P and B. Lahlou), pp. 39-57. Basel: Karger.
Perry, S. F. and McDonald, D. J. (1993). Gas Exchange. In
The Physiology of Fishes, (ed. D. H. Evans), pp. 251-278. Boca
Raton: CRC Press.
Perry, S. F. and Reid, S. D. (1992). Relationship between
blood O2 content and catecholamine levels during hypoxia in rainbow
trout and American eel. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
263, R240-R249.
Perry, S. F. and Thomas, S. (1993). Rapid respiratory changes
in trout red bloodcells during Na+/H+ exchange
activation. J. Exp. Biol. 180, 27-38.
Perry, S. F. and Thomas, S. (1991). The effects of endogenous
or exogenous catecholamines on blood respiratory status during acute
hypoxia in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Comp Physiol
[b] 161, 489-497.
Perry, S. F. and Wood, C. M. (1989). Control and coordination
of gas transfer in fishes. Can. J. Zool. 67,
2961-2970.
Perry, S. F., Wood, C. M., Walsh, P. J. and Thomas, S. (1996).
Fish red blood cell carbon dioxide transport in vitro: A comparative
study. Comp Biochem Physiol [A] 113A,
121-130.
Perutz, M. F. (1996). Cause of the Root effect in fish
haemoglobins. Nature Struct Biol 3, 211-212.
Peterson, M. S. (1990). Hypoxia-induced physiological changes
in twomangrove swamp fishes: sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus
Lacepede and sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna (LeSueur). Comp.
Biochem. Physiol. 97A, 17-21.
Pettersson, K. (1983). Adrenergic control of oxygen transfer
in the perfused gills of the cod, Gadus morhua. J. Exp. Biol.
102, 327-335.
Pettersson, K. and Johansen, K. (1982). Hypoxic
vasoconstriction and the effect of adrenaline on gas exchange
efficiency in fish gills. J. Exp. Biol. 97,
263-272.
Pettit, M. J. and Beitinger, T. L. (1985). Oxygen acquisition
of the reedfish, Erpetoichthys calabaricus. J. Exp. Biol.
114, 289-307.
Piiper, J. (1989). Factors affecting gas transfer in
respiratory organs of vertebrates. Can. J. Zool. 67,
2956-2960.
PIIPER, J. (1988). MODELS FOR CUTANEOUS GAS EXCHANGE AND
TRANSPORT. AM. ZOOL. 28, 963-972.
Piiper, J. and Scheid, P. (1992). Gas exchange in vertebrates
through lungs, gills, and skin. NIPS 7, 199-203.
Piiper, J. and Scheid, P. (1984). Model analysis of gas
transfer in fish gills. In Fish Physiology, vol. XA (ed. W. S.
Hoar and D. J. Randall), pp. 229-262. Orlando: Academic Press.
PIIPER, J. and SCHEID, P. (1982). PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF
RESPIRATORY GAS EXCHANGE IN FISH GILLS. IN: GILLS, EDS. HOULIHAN,
RANKIN & SHUTTLEWORTH, CAMBRIDGE UNIV. PRESS, CAMBRIDGE ,
45-61.
Playle, R. D. and al., e. (1990). Effects of catecholamines on
gas exchange and ventilation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
J. Exp. Biol. 152, 353-368.
Potter, I. C., Macey, D. J., Roberts, A. R. and Withers, P. C.
(1998). Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide excretion and respiratory
quotient of larval lampreys (Mordacia mordax) in air. Comp Biochem
Physiol [A] 119A, 607-611.
Potter, I. C., Macey, D. J., Roberts, A. R. and Withers, P. C.
(1996). Oxygen consumption by ammocoetes of the lamprey Geotria
australis in air. J Comp Physiol [B] 166,
331-336.
Powers, D. A. (1983). Adaptation of erythrocyte function
during changes in environmental oxygen and temperature. In Cell
Acclimitisation to Environmental Change, (ed. A. R. Cossins and
P. Sheterline), pp. 227-243. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Pulilin, R. S. V., Morris, D. J., Bridges, C. R. and Atkinson, R.
J. A. (1980). Aspects of the respiratory physiology of the
burrowing fish Cepola rubescens L. Comp.Biochem. Physiol.
66A, 35-42.
PUSEY, B. J. (1989). AESTIVATION IN THE TELEOST FISH
LEPIDOGALAXIAS SALAMANDROIDES (MEES). COMP. BIOCHEM. PHYSIOL.
92A, 137-138.
Rahn, H. and Howell, B. J. (1976). Bimodal gas exchange. In
Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M. Hughes), pp.
271-285. London: Academic Press.
Randall, D. (1982). The control of respiration and circulation
in fish during exercise and hypoxia. J. Exp. Biol. 100,
275-288.
Randall, D., Lin, H. and Wright, P. A. (1991). Gill water flow
and chemistry of the boundary layer. Physiol. Zool. 64,
26-38.
Randall, D. J., Burggren, W. W., Farrell, A. P. and Haswell, M.
S. (1981). The Evolution of Air Breathing in Vertebrates.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Randall, D. J. and Daxboeck, C. (1984). Oxygen and carbon
dioxide transfer across fish gills. In Fish Physiology, vol.
XA (ed. W. S. Hoar and D. J. Randall), pp. 263-314. Orlando: Academic
Press.
Randall, D. J., Perry, S. F. and Heming, T. A. (1982). Gas
transfer and acid/base regulation in salmonids. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 73B, 93-104.
Randall, D. J. and Wright, P. A. (1989). The interaction
between carbon dioxide and ammonia excretion and water pH in fish.
Can. J. Zool. 67, 2936-2942.
Randall, J. D. and Wright, P. A. (1989). The interaction
between carbon dioxide and ammonia excretion and water pH in fish.
Can. J. Zool. 67, 2936-2942.
Reid, S. D., Lebras, Y. and Perry, S. F. (1993). The in vitro
effect of hypoxia on the trout erythrocyte beta-adrenergic signal
transduction system. J Exp Biol 176, 103-116.
Reid, S. D., Moon, T. W. and Perry, S. F. (1991).
Characterization of B-adrenoreceptors of rainbow trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss) erythrocytes. J. Exp. Biol.
158, 199-216.
Reid, S. D. and Perry, S. F. (1991). The effects and
physiological consequences of raised levels of cortisol on rainbow
trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) erythrocyte B-adrenoreceptors. J. Exp.
Biol. 158, 217-240.
Richards, G. P., Chao, L. and Chao, J. (1997). Distribution of
tissue kallikreins in lower vertebrates: potential physiological
roles for fish kallikreins [In Process Citation]. Comp
Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol 118, 49-
58.
Riera, M., Prats, M. T., Palacios, L., Pesquero, J. and Planas,
J. (1993). Seasonal adaptations in oxygen transport in brown
trout Salmo trutta fario. Comp Biochem Physiol [a]
4, 695-700.
Rombough, P. and Moroz, B. (1997). The scaling and potential
importance of cutaneous and branchial surfaces in respiratory gas
exchange in larval and juvenile walleye. J Exp Biol
200, 2459-2468.
Rombough, P. J. (1998). Partitioning of oxygen uptake between
the gills and skin in fish larvae: a novel method for estimating
cutaneous oxygen uptake. The Journal of Experimental Biology
201, 1763-1769.
Rombough, P. J. and Moroz, B. M. (1997). The scaling and
potential importance of cutaneous and branchial surfaces in
respiratory gas exchange in larval and juvenile walleye Stizostedion
vitreum. J Exp Biol 200, 2459-2468.
Rombough, P. J. and Ure, D. (1991). Partitioning of oxygen
uptake between cutaneous and branchial surfaces in larval and young
juvenile chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Physiol Zool
64, 717-727.
Ross, L. G. and McKinney, R. W. (1988). Respiratory cycles in
Oreochromis niloticus (L.) measured using a six-channel
microcomputer-operated respirometer. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
89A, 637-644.
Sacca, R. and Burggren, W. (1982). Oxygen uptake in air and
water in the air-breathing reedfish Calamoichthys calabaricus: Role
of skin, gills and lungs. J. Exp. Biol. 97,
179-186.
Sanderson, S. L., Cech, J., Jr. and Cheer, A. Y. (1994).
Paddlefish buccal flow velocity during ram suspension feeding and ram
ventilation. J Exp Biol 186, 145-156.
Santos, C. T. C., Fernandes, M. N. and Severi, W. (1994).
Respiratory gill surface area of a facultative air-breathing
loricariid fish, Rhinelepis strigosa. Can J Zool 72,
2009-2015.
Satchell, G. H. (1991). Physiology and Form of Fish
Circulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Satchell, G. H. (1976). The circulatory system of
air-breathing fish. In Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates,
(ed. G. M. Hughes), pp. 105-123. London: Academic Press.
Scarabello, M., Heigenhauser, G. and Wood, C. M. (1991). The
oxygen debt hypothesis in juvenile rainbow trout after exhaustive
exercise. Respir Physiol 84, 245-259.
Scheid, P. and al., e. (1986). Model for analysis of
counter-current gas transfer in fish gills. Resp. Physiol.
64, 365-374.
Scheid, P., Pelster, B. and Kobayashi, H. (1990). Gas exchange
in the fish swimbladder. Adv Exp Med Biol 277,
735-743.
Schurmann, H. and Steffensen, J. F. (1994). Spontaneous
swimming activity of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua exposed to graded
hypoxia at three temperatures. J Exp Biol 197,
129-142.
Schurmann, H., Steffensen, J. F. and Lomholt, J. P. (1991).
The influence of hypoxia onthe preferred temperature of rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss. J. Exp. Biol. 157, 75-86.
Schuster, S. (1989). The volume of air within the swimbladder
and breathing cavities of the anabantoid fish Colisa lalia
(Perciformes, Belontiidae). J. Exp. Biol. 144,
185-198.
Schwerte, T., Axelsson, M., Nilsson, S. and Pelster, B.
(1997). Effects of vagal stimulation on swimbladder blood flow in the
European eel Anguilla anguilla. J Exp Biol 200,
3133-3139.
Sidell, B. D., Vayda, M. E., Small, D. J., Moylan, T. J.,
Londraville, R. L., Yuan, M. L., Rodnick, K. J., Eppley, Z. A. and
Costello, L. (1997). Variable expression of myoglobin among the
hemoglobinless Antarctic icefishes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
94, 3420-3424.
Singh, B. M. (1976). Balance between aquatic and aerial
respiration. In Respiration in Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G.
M. Hughes), pp. 125-164. London: Academic Press.
Singh, B. N. and Hughes, G. M. (1973). Cardiac and respiratory
responses in the climbing perch Anagas testudineus. J. Comp.
Physiol. 84, 202-226.
Smatresk, N. J. (1986). Ventilatory and cardiac reflex
responses to hypoxia and NaCN in Lepisosteum osseus, an air-breathing
fish. Physiol. Zool. 59, 385-397.
Smatresk, N. J. and al., e. (1986). Chemoreflexive responses
to hypoxia and NaCN in longnose gar: Evidence for two chemoreceptor
loci. Am. J. Physiol. 251, R116-R125.
Smatresk, N. J. and Cameron, J. N. (1982). Respiration and
acid-base physiology of the spotted gar, a bimodal breather. I.
Normal values and the response to severe hypoxia. J. Exp.
Biol. 96, 263-280.
Smatresk, N. J. and Cameron, J. N. (1982). Respiration and
acid-base physiology of the spotted gar, a bimodal breather. III.
Response to transfer from fresh water to 50% sea water, and control
of ventilation. J. Exp. Biol. 96, 295-306.
Smith, D. G., Duiker, W. and Cooke, I. R. C. (1983). Sustained
branchial apnea in the Australian short-finned eel, Anguilla
australis. J. Exp. Zool. 226, 37-44.
Smith, D. G. and Johnson, D. W. (1977). Oxygen exchange in a
simulated trout till secondary lamellae. Am. J. Physiol.
233, R145-R161.
Smith, D. G., Nilsson, S., Wahlqvist, I. and Eriksson, B.-M.
(1985). Nervous control of the blood pressure in the Atlantic cod,
Gadus morhua. J. Exp. Biol. 117, 335-348.
Smith, F. M. and Jones, D. R. (1982). The effect of changes in
blood oxygen-carrying capacity on ventilation volume in the rainbow
trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. Exp. Biol. 97, 325-334.
Smith, F. M. and Jones, D. R. (1978). Localisation of
receptors causing hypoxic bradycardia in trout. Can. J. Zool.
56, 1260-1265.
Smits, A. W., Orgeig, S. and Daniels, C. B. (1994). Surfactant
composition and function in lungs of air-breathing fishes. Am J
Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 266, R1309-R1313.
Soivio, A., Nikinmaa, M., Nyholm, K. and Westman, K. (1981).
The role of the gills in the responses of Salmo gairdneri during
moderate hypoxia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 70A,
133-139.
Soulier, P., Peyraud-Waitzenegger, M., Peyraud, C. and Barthelemy,
L. (1988). A study of barosensitivity in the European eel
(Anguilla anguilla, L.): effects of arterial pressure changes on
heart rate and ventilation. Exp. Biol. 47, 243-250.
Stam, W. W., Beintema, J. J., D'Avino, R., Tamburrini, M. and Di
Prisco, G. (1997). Molecular evolution of hemoglobins of
Antarctic fishes (Notothenioidei). J Mol Evol 45,
437-445.
Staples, J. F., Zapol, W. M., Bloch, K. D., Kawai, N., Val, V. M.
F. and Hochachka, P. W. (1995). Nitric oxide responses of
air-breathing and water-breathing fish. Am J Physiol Regul Integr
Comp Physiol 268, R816-R819.
Steen, J. B. (1971). Comparative Physiology of Respiratory
Mechanisms. London: Academic Press.
Steen, J. B. and Kruysse, A. (1964). The respiratory function
of teleostean gills. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 12,
127-142.
Steffensen, J. F. (1985). The transition between branchial
pumping and ram ventilation in fishes: Energetic consequences and
dependence on water oxygen tension. J. Exp. Biol. 114,
141-150.
Steffensen, J. F. and al., e. (1987). Effect of burst swimming
and adrenaline infusion on O2 consumption and CO2 excretion in
rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. J. Exp. Biol. 131
427-434, exercise, gas exchange.
Steffensen, J. F. and Lomholt, J. P. (1985). Cutaneous oxygen
uptake and its relation to skin blood perfusion and ambient salinity
in the plaice, Pleuronectes platessa. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
81A, 373-376.
Steffensen, J. F., Lomholt, J. P. and Johansen, K. (1981). The
relative importance of skin oxygen uptake in the naturally buried
plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, exposed to graded hypoxia. Resp.
Physiol. 44, 269-275.
Stevens, E. D. and Lightfoot, E. N. (1986). Hydrodynamics of
water flow in front of and through the gills of skipjack tuna.
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 83A, 255-260.
Sundin, L. and Nilsson, S. (1992). Arterio-venous branchial
blood flow in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhus. J. Exp. Biol.
165, 73-84.
Sundin, L. I. (1995). Responses of the branchial circulation
to hypoxia in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Am J Physiol Regul
Integr Comp Physiol 268, R771-R778.
Sutterlin, A. M. and Saunders, R. L. (1969). Proprioceptors in
the gills of teleosts. Can. J. Zool. 47, 1209-1212.
Takeda, T. (1996). Effects of experimental ventilation and
ambient Po2 on O2 uptake of the isolated cutaneous tissue in the
carp, Cyprinus carpio. Comp Biochem Physiol [A]
113A, 107-111.
Takeda, T. (1990). Ventilation, cardiac output and blood
respiratory parameters in the carp, Cyprinus carpio, during
hyperoxia. Resp. Physiol. 81, 227-240.
Takeda, T. (1990). Cutaneous and gill O2 uptake in the carp,
Cyrpinus carpio, as a function of metabolic rate. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 95A, 425-427.
Tamura, O., Morii, H. and Yazuriha, M. (1976). Respiration of
the amphibious fishes, Periophthalmus cantonensis and Boleophthalmus
chinensis in water and on land. J. Exp. Biol. , 97-107.
Tamura, S. O., Morii, H. and Yuzuriha, M. (1976). Respiration
of the amphibious fishes Periophthalamus cantonensis and
Boleophthalmus chinensis in water and on land. J. Exp. Biol.
65, 97-107.
Taylor, E. W. and Barrett, D. J. (1984). Evidence of a
respiratory role for the hypoxic bradycardia in the dogfish
Scyliorhinus canicula L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 80A,
99-102.
Taylor, E. W., Short, S. and Butler, P. J. (1977). The role of
the cardiac vagus in the response of the dogfish Scyliorhinus
canicula to hypoxia. J. Exp. Biol. 70, 57-75.
Tetens, V. and al., e. (1984). Antarctic fish blood:
Respiratory properties and the effects of thermal acclimation. J.
Exp. Biol. 109, 265-280.
Thomas, S. (1983). Changes in blood acid-base balance in trout
(Salmo gairdneri Richardson) following exposure to combined hypoxia
and hypercapnia. J. Comp. Physiol. 152B, 53-58.
Thomas, S. and al., e. (1983). Comparison of the effects of
exogenous and endogenous hypercapnia on ventilation and oyxgen uptake
in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdner). J. Comp. Physiol.
151B, 185-190.
Thomas, S., Fritsche, R. and Perry, S. F. (1994). Pre- and
post-branchial blood respiratory status during acute hypercapnia or
hypoxia in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Comp Physiol
[B] 164, 451-458.
Thomas, S., Kinkead, R., Walsh, P. J., Wood, C. M. and Perry, S.
F. (1991). Desensitization of adrenaline-induced red blood cell
H+ extrusion in vitro after chronic exposure of rainbow trout to
moderate environmental hypoxia. J. Exp. Biol. 156,
233-248.
Thomas, S., Perry, S. F., Pennec, Y. and Maxime, V. (1992).
Metabolic alkalosis and the response of the trout, Salmo fario, to
acute severe hypoxia. Respir Physiol 87, 91-104.
Thompson, K. J. (1990). Control of respiratory motor pattern
by sensory neurons in spinal cord of lamprey. J. Comp.
Physiol.A 166, 675-684.
Tufts, B. and Perry, S. F. (1998). Carbon Dioxide Transport
and Excretion. In Fish Respiration, vol. 17 (ed. S. F. Perry
and B. Tufts), pp. 229-281. San Diego: Academic Press.
Tufts, B. L. (1991). Acid-base regulation and blood gas
transport following exhaustive exercise in an agnathan, the sea
lamprey Petromyzon marinus. J. Exp. Biol. 159,
371-386.
Tufts, B. L., Bagatto, B. and Cameron, B. (1992). In vivo
analysis of gas transport in arterial and vernous blood of the sea
lamprey Petromyzon marinus. J. Exp. Biol. 169,
105-120.
Tufts, B. L. and Boutilier, R. G. (1990). Co2 transport in
agnathan blood: evidence of erythrocyte Cl/HCO3 exchange limitations.
Resp. Physiol. 80, 335-348.
Tufts, B. L., Vincent, C. J. and Currie, S. (1998). Different
red blood cell characteristics in a primitive agnathan (M-glutinosa)
and a more recent teleost (O-mykiss) influence their strategies for
blood CO2 transport. Comp Biochem Physiol [A]
119A, 533-541.
Val, A. L. and al., e. (1990). Adaptative features of Amazon
fishes: Hemoglobins, hematology, intraerythrocytic phosphates and
whole blood Bohr effect of Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus
(Siluriformes). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 97B,
435-440.
Val, A. L., Fonseca, d. A., Val, V. M. and Gusmao, A. E.
(1990). Adaptive features of Amazon fishes: Hemoglobins, hematology,
intraerythrocytic phosphates and whole blood Bohr effect of
Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus (Siluriformes). Comp Biochem
Physiol [b] 97B, 435-440.
Val, A. L., Lessard, J. and Randall, D. J. (1995). Effects of
hypoxia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Intraerythrocytic
phosphates. J Exp Biol 198, 305-310.
Van, den, Thillart, G and Verbeek, R. (1991). Anoxia-induced
oxygen debt of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.). Physiol Zool
64, 525-540.
Van, der, Boon, J, Robertus, O., Staal, A., Van, den, Thillart,
Geejm et al. (1991). SDS-polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein from the
white skeletal muscle of the anoxic goldfish, Carassius auratus L.
Comp Biochem Physiol [b] .
van aardt, W. J. and Frey, B. J. (1986). Blood respiratory
properties of the mudsucker fish Labeo capensis (Smith). Comp.
Biochem. Physiol. 83A, 397-400.
Van, D. P., Van, den, Thillart, Geejm and Bonga, S. (1993).
The influence of gradual water acidification on the oxygen
consumption pattern of fish. Comp Biochem Physiol [c]
105, 421-427.
Van Raaij, M. T. M., Van den Thillart, G., Vianen, G. J., Pit, D.
S. S., Balm, P. H. M. and Steffens, B. (1996). Substrate
mobilization and hormonal changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss, L) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L) during deep hypoxia
and subsequent recovery. J Comp Physiol [B]
166, 443-452.
Van Raaij, M. T. M., Vianen, G. J. and Van den Thillart, G.
(1996). Blood gas parameters and the responses of erythrocytes in
carp exposed to deep hypoxia and subsequent recovery. J Comp
Physiol [B] 166, 453-460.
Van Waversveld, J., Addink, A. D. F. and Van den Thillart, G.
(1989). Simultaneous direct and indirect calorimetry on normoxic and
anoxic goldfish. J. Exp. Biol. 142, 325-336.
Verheyen, E. and al., e. (1985). The oxygen uptake of
Sarotherodon niloticus L. and the oxygen binding properties of its
blood and hemolysate (Pisces: Cichlidae). Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 81A, 423-426.
Verheyen, E., Blust, R. and Decleir, W. (1994). Metabolic
rate, hypoxia tolerance and aquatic surface respiration of some
lacustrine and riverine African cichlid fishes (Pisces: Cichlidae).
Comp Biochem Physiol [a] 2, 403-411.
Vermette, M. G. and Perry, S. F. (1988). Adrenergic
involvement in blood oxygen transport and acid-base balance during
hypercapnic acidosis in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. J.
Comp. Physiol. 158, 107-116.
Vorger, P. (1985). The Bohr effect of the blood in rainbow
trout (Salmo gairdnerii). A comparative study with human blood, using
precise oxygen equilibrium curves and the Adair model. Comp.
Biochem. Physiol. 82A, 915-924.
Vorger, P. and Ristori, M.-T. (1985). Effects of experimental
anemia on the ATP content and oxygen affinity of the blood in the
rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
71B, 469-473.
Walker, R. L., Wilkes, P. R. H. and Wood, C. M. (1989). The
effects of hypersaline exposure on oxygen-affinity of the blood of
the freshwater teleost Catostomus commersoni. J. Exp.
Biol. 142, 125-142.
Wells, P. R. and Pinder, A. W. (1996). The respiratory
development of Atlantic salmon .1. Morphometry of gills, yolk sac and
body surface. J Exp Biol 199, 2725-2736.
Wells, P. R. and Pinder, A. W. (1996). The respiratory
development of Atlantic salmon .2. Partitioning of oxygen uptake
among gills, yolk sac and body surfaces. J Exp Biol
199, 2737-2744.
Wells, R. M. G., Grigg, G. C., Beard, L. A. and Summers, G.
(1989). Hypoxic responses in a fish from a stable environment: blood
oxygen transport in the antarctic fish Pagothenia borchgrevinki.
J. Exp. Biol. 141, 97-112.
Wells, R. M. G. and Weber, R. E. (1990). The spleen of hypoxic
and exercised rainbow trout. J. Exp. Biol. 150,
461-466.
Wells, R. M. G. and Weber, R. E. (1990). The spleen in hpoxic
and exercised rainbow trout. J. Exp. Biol. 150,
461-466.
Wilson, R. W. and Taylor, E. W. (1993). Differential responses
to copper in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to sea
water and brackish water. J Comp Physiol [b]
163, 239-246.
Wise, G., Mulvey, J. M. and Renshaw, G. M. C. (1998). Hypoxia
tolerance in the epaulette shark (Hemiscyllium ocellatum). J Exp
Zool 281, 1-5.
Wood, C. M. (1994). HCO3- dehydration by the blood of rainbow
trout following exhaustive exercise. Respir Physiol 98,
305-318.
Wood, C. M. (1991). Acid-base and ion balance, metabolism, and
their interactions, after exhaustive exercise in fish. J. Exp.
Biol. 160, 285-308.
Wood, S. C. and al., e. (1979). Effects of air-breathing on
acid-base balance in the catfish, Hypostomus sp. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 62A, 185-187.
Wood, S. C. and Lenfant, C. J. M. (1976). Physiology of fish
lungs. In Respiration of Amphibious Vertebrates, (ed. G. M.
Hughes), pp. 257-270. London: Academic Press.
Wright and Raymond. (1978). Air breathing in sculpin. J.
Exp. Zool. 203, 171-176.
Wright, P., Heming, j. and Randall, J. D. (1986). Downstream
pH changes in water flowing over the gills of rainbow trout. J.
Exp. Biol. 126, 499-512.
Xu, H. Y. and Olson, K. R. (1993). Evidence for multiple
adrenoceptor sites in rainbow trout vasculature. J. Comp. Physiol.
B 163, 470-476.
Yang, T. H., Lai, N. C., Graham, J. B. and Somero, G. N.
(1992). Respiratory, blood, and heart enzymatic adaptations of
Sebastolobus alascanus (Scorpaenidae; Teleostei) to the oxygen
minimum zone: A comparative study. Biol Bull 183,
490-499.
Yang, T. H. and Somero, G. N. (1993). Effects of feeding and
food deprivation on oxygen consumption, muscle protein concentration
and activities of energy metabolism enzymes in muscle and brain of
shallow-living (Scorpaena guttata) and deep-living (Sebastolobus
alascanus) scorpaenid fishes. J Exp Biol 181,
213-232.
Yokoya, S. and Tamura, O. S. (1992). Fine structure of the
skin of the amphibious fishes, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and
Periophthalmus cantonensis, with special reference to the location of
blood vessels. J Morphol 214, 287-297.
Yu, K. L. and Woo, N. Y. S. (1985). Effects of ambient oxygen
tension and temperature on the bimodal respiration of an
air-breathing teleost, Channa maculata. Physiol. Zool.
58, 181-189.
Zaccone, G., Fasulo, S. and Ainis, L. (1995). Neuroendocrine
epithelial cell system in respiratory organs of air-breathing and
teleost fishes. Int Rev Cytol 157, 277-314.